Infections are part of childhood. While they can be concerning for parents, they are usually mild and self-limiting. Proper knowledge about common infections can help you know when to call your pediatrician.
Common Cold
The common cold is caused by viruses and often includes symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, cough and mild fever. There is no specific treatment, but supportive care (fluids, rest, saline drops for the nose) can relieve symptoms. Antibiotics are not effective against viruses.
Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis is inflammation of the stomach and intestine usually caused by viruses (rotavirus, norovirus). Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Preventing dehydration is the main priority, especially in younger children. Give fluids in small, frequent amounts.
Otitis (Ear Infection)
Otitis is common, especially in children under 5 years old. Symptoms include ear pain, high fever and hearing difficulty. Many cases resolve without antibiotics, but some, particularly in children under 2, require medication.
When to Call Your Pediatrician
Contact your pediatrician if symptoms persist for more than 3-5 days, if there is high fever (above 39°C) that does not respond to fever reducers, if you notice signs of dehydration (dry lips, reduced urine, drowsiness) or if the child develops difficulty breathing or a rash. Trust your instincts: if something worries you, call the doctor.
